Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• subsequently transfers its energy to the atoms of the target material in all the collisions and finally stops. When this energy transfer is sufficient, a displacement of atoms from their equilibrium positions creating a vacancy or a recoil occurs. Alternatively, if the ion energy is high enough such recoils

• , which confirms the near surface amorphization in Si in comparison to Ge. The main defects are the point defects such as interstitials and vacancies produced due to energy transfer between the incoming ions and the target atoms (Figure 6). The range of defect depths calculated from RBS-c spectra for Ar

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• , we have observed the stability of DNA origami nanotriangles in dry and aqueous conditions upon exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation in the low linear energy transfer (LET) regime [17]. These results demonstrate DNA origami’s suitability for fundamental studies with ionizing radiation and now

• nanostructure height must be associated with the energy transfer within the DNA nanostructure or highly localized effects, such as thermal and pressure shock waves in the vicinity of the track [40]. We are now preparing experiments to explore this issue. The formation of craters on the nanostructures was

• irradiation in air The higher-energy irradiation 56Fe25+ (60 MeV/u) could only be performed in air and at lower fluences to avoid heating of the sample due to high energy transfer to the substrate as well as to avoid activation of irradiated components. Figure 1B shows AFM images of samples irradiated with

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• , the effect of quantum dots in the spectrum is not apparent, indicating that the transitions in the mixture are quenched. This suppression is a result of energy transfer, which necessitates electron clouds of atoms or chemical groups to exhibit overlapping regions. During energy transfer, an electron

• moves from the donor to the acceptor and occupies the acceptor’s least occupied orbital. As a consequence of this energy transfer, the donor returns from an excited state to its ground state, while the acceptor remains in its ground state due to its higher electronegativity. This absence of excited

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• velocity must be corrected due to energy transfer, which yields a term of the second order in μ. Switching in the SA The condition for switching is that the energy gain of the path, Equation 6, must overcome the potential barrier. In the limit of large velocities, the kinetic term (due to angular momentum

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• on an energy transfer mechanism in the sensing system. A water-stable two-dimensional lanthanide-based MOF (Ln-MOF) was synthesised by Ren et al. [38] in a different study to serve as a reversible luminescent sensor for the detection of sulfamethazine (SMZ) antibiotics. According to the authors, the

• ] constructed a fluorescent aptasensor to detect the hormone 17-estradiol in urine, water, and milk samples. They were able to detect at a limit of 0.35 nM and determined that the detection process relied on turn-on Förster resonance energy transfer. The principles of fluorescence quenching (“turn-off”) [37][38

• mechanisms are not covered in this review: Fluorescence (Förster) resonance energy transfer (FRET): In the late 1940s, Theodor Förster put forth the theory, which is based on energy transfer. FRET occurs when an electronically excited fluorophore (donor) transmits its excitation energy to a nearby analyte

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• and describe commonly used conjugated organic materials and structural designs. Keywords: absorption; conjugated molecules; energy transfer; photothermal materials; solar steam generation; Review Introduction With the rapid development of the world economy, global water shortages are occurring

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• through energy transfer to molecular oxygen [21]. Chong et al. claimed that superoxide anions are involved in the generation of singlet oxygen, implying that electron transfer is an intermediate step for the generation of singlet oxygen by photoexcited graphene quantum dots [20]. In nitrogen-doped

• −polyoxypropylene−polyoxyethylene Pluronic 68 generate singlet oxygen through energy transfer to molecular oxygen [21]. But CQDs prepared from o-phenylenediamine do not generate singlet oxygen or OH radicals through energy or electron transfer, because the condensation process of these dots includes NH2 groups in

Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers

• Ioan Ignat,
• Bernhard Schuster,
• Jonas Hafner,
• MinHee Kwon,
• Daniel Platz and
• Ulrich Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13

• asymmetrical coupling. This refers to an energy transfer either easier or harder from the first mode to the second compared to a transfer from second to first. Two directional coupling terms were introduced to account for this possibility, later to be investigated in detail. Equation 1 only shows the energy of

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• nanoclusters while their fluorescence quantum yields and stability are improved to a larger extent. Gold-silver bimetallic nanoclusters (AuAgNCs) exhibit enhanced luminescence efficiency and photostability due to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and synergistic effects. Zhang et al. [27] synthesized

• chloramphenicol based on a vesicular quantum dot-gold colloid composite probe. They successfully developed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based on chloramphenicol (CAP) detection in food. Vesicular nano tracers were prepared by labeling single-stranded DNA-binding proteins on single-stranded

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• , and this orientation is maintained for the energy transfer to the target atoms. Interestingly, the partial sputtering yields of hydrogen and oxygen atoms are the highest at incidence angles between 70 and 80° (i.e., above angles where the silicon sputtering yields are the highest), leading to the

• sputtering of approx. 75% of the adsorbed molecules. At these angles, most of the argon ions are backscattered. However, the energy transfer is still high enough to fragment the water molecules and induce the sputtering of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Hence, if the implantation of surface contaminations is to

• molecules which is sputtered intact is the highest: since the argon ion is at grazing incidence, the energy transfer is efficient for molecular lift-off and far less for bond breaking, which predominantly happens towards normal incidence. This explains also the increased amount of sputtered O–H clusters at

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• ZnO. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements showed that increasing the Ag NP concentration in hybrid metal–ZnO nanocomposites resulted in an increase of non-radiative transitions and a decrease of the radiative emission of ZnO, indicating the energy transfer from ZnO excitons to the Ag NPs plasmons

• fluorescent molecules are essential. The values of quantum yield and lifetime could be influenced by non-radiative decay rates, which result from changes in the environment of the fluorophores, fluorescence quenching, or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) [112][116]. Engineered ZnO nanosubstrates

• first mechanism believed to be responsible for fluorescence enhancement is based on reducing the resonance energy transfer between fluorophores, which will prevent self-quenching. ZnO NRs have the ability to guide light [119] in and out of fluorophores and along nanorods and the ability to enhance the

Impact of device design on the electronic and optoelectronic properties of integrated Ru-terpyridine complexes

• Max Mennicken,
• Sophia Katharina Peter,
• Corinna Kaulen,
• Ulrich Simon and
• Silvia Karthäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 219–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.16

• to the AuNP surfaces is possible. Such a plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer is likely if a spectral overlap between the plasmon resonance and a molecular resonance, ideally of shorter wavelength, exists [41]. The transferred energy leads to the excitation of the redox center of the Ru(MPTP)2

• current depends on this equilibrium. The difference between the current under light illumination and the dark current, ΔIL_D, corresponds to the current enabled by plasmon-induced energy transfer to the Ru(MPTP)2-complexes and charge separation in an electrical field. This finding is in analogy to the

• conductance mechanism based on sequential tunneling leading to a higher current, (II) the optical antennae effect of AuNPs, which allows for an energy transfer to the functional molecules, and (III) the ease and versatility of adopting the properties of the constituting elements according to the requirements

Effect of lubricants on the rotational transmission between solid-state gears

• Huang-Hsiang Lin,
• Jonathan Heinze,
• Alexander Croy,
• Rafael Gutiérrez and
• Gianaurelio Cuniberti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 54–62, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.3

• , the lubricant molecules are subject to the canonical ensemble (NVT) implemented by the Nosé–Hoover thermostat [61][62] at T = 400 K (such that all lubricants are in liquid phase) and the gears are subject to the microcanonical ensemble (NVE) in order to explicitly monitor the energy transfer during

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF₃)₄

• Alexey Prosvetov,
• Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
• Gennady Sushko and
• Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

• point within the system per primary electron. The electronic collisions with precursor molecules lead to their electronic excitation followed by the fragmentation and energy transfer to the recoil fragments. In the following subsections these processes are discussed in detail. PE, SE, and BSE

• in the tabulated form for a 20 nm × 20 nm grid covering the simulation box (see Figure 3B) is used as input for the simulations of the irradiation phase of the FEBID process (see step 4). Energy transfer to the medium A projectile electron interacting with the precursor molecule transfers some amount

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• that the nanofibers were assembled into sea-urchin-like microspheres. Fmoc-ʟ-Lys nanofibers act as templates to regulate the self-assembly of pigments. Sea-urchin-like structures facilitate light collection due to enhanced absorption cross sections and exciton energy transfer. In addition, Liu et al

Is the Ne operation of the helium ion microscope suitable for electron backscatter diffraction sample preparation?

• Annalena Wolff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 965–983, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.73

• induces sample alterations and material behavior changes due to doping [22]. Not all nuclear interactions lead to sputtering. If the sample atom cannot be removed from the sample because of insufficient energy transfer or because the sample atom cannot exit the sample due to its sub-surface position

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• minimizes additional effects related to SERS enhancement due to energy transfer to the support, which might occur when conductive or semi-conductive materials are used [31]. The immobilization of Ag NPs from sodium citrate solution was possible due to the poor adsorption of citrate ions on the Ag surface

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• device with embedded magnetic materials. The locomotion of MMRs is actuated and controlled through the principles of magnetism regarding energy transfer and the magnetoelectric effect. Magnetic materials have been widely used in the field of MNRs to control and drive the movement of robots, target the

The nanomorphology of cell surfaces of adhered osteoblasts

• Christian Voelkner,
• Mirco Wendt,
• Regina Lange,
• Max Ulbrich,
• Martina Gruening,
• Susanne Staehlke,
• Barbara Nebe,
• Ingo Barke and
• Sylvia Speller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 242–256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.20

• including the gap. Apart from that, we find relatively high step edges of ca. 1 µm and above, which we attribute to ordinary or trailing edges of osteoblastic cells (Figure 9a). An elegant method to measure the cell–surface gap at confocal resolution is metal-induced energy transfer (MIET) where the

Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• energy transfer [6]. Here, CT is in our focus since energy transfer, although additionally present, varies less abruptly on the scale of single layers [7]. A simple energy diagram of the CT process of a fluorescent molecule across interfaces is depicted in Figure 1. As an example, we use the sample

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• nanomaterial can be activated by a synergistic mechanism of energy transfer of the absorbed light from Ce6 to FLG. The novel FLG-Ce6 hybrid nanomaterial in combination with the red LED light irradiation can be used in the development of a wide range of antinosocomial devices and coatings. Keywords: chlorin e6

Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

• Nonappa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42

• ]. Luminescence can also be achieved via intramolecular energy transfer between an organic ligand and lanthanide metal ions through chelation [11]. Large Stokes shift, high quantum yield and long fluorescence lifetime make lanthanide complexes excellent candidates in imaging applications [12][13]. The lanthanide

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41